Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence.
Paraphrase
Not in these words. The idea is in Nicomachean Ethics (330 BC), Book I, chapter 7 (Chase: Book I, chapters IV–V).
The real passage, shown below, is found word for word by program in the Greek original and in D. P. Chase’s English translation.
- Work
- Nicomachean Ethics (Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια), 330 BC
- The real passage
- Book I, chapter 7 (Chase: Book I, chapters IV–V)
Researched by AI; closest passage located by program on 31 October 2026. Entry updated 30 October 2026. Editorial review: pending. How we check
The real passage
[…] This point, however, must be left for future investigation: for the present we define that to be self-sufficient “which taken alone makes life choice-worthy, and to be in want of nothing;” now of such kind we think Happiness to be: and further, to be most choice-worthy of all things; not being reckoned with any other thing,[16] for if it were so reckoned, it is plain we must then allow it, with the addition of ever so small a good, to be more choice-worthy than it was before:[17] because what is put to it becomes an addition of so much more good, and of goods the greater is ever the more choice-worthy.
Μεταβαίνων δὴ ὁ λόγος εἰς ταὐτὸν ἀφῖκται· τοῦτο δ᾽ ἔτι μᾶλλον διασαφῆσαι πειρατέον. ἐπεὶ δὲ πλείω φαίνεται τὰ τέλη, τούτων δ᾽ αἱρούμεθά τινα δι᾽ ἕτερον, οἷον πλοῦτον αὐλοὺς καὶ ὅλως τὰ ὄργανα, δῆλον ὡς οὐκ ἔστι πάντα τέλεια· τὸ δ᾽ ἄριστον τέλειόν τι φαίνεται. ὥστ᾽ εἰ μέν ἐστιν ἕν τι μόνον τέλειον, τοῦτ᾽ ἂν εἴη τὸ ζητούμενον, εἰ δὲ πλείω, τὸ τελειότατον τούτων. τελειότερον δὲ λέγομεν τὸ καθ᾽ αὑτὸ διωκτὸν τοῦ δι᾽ ἕτερον καὶ τὸ μηδέποτε δι᾽ ἄλλο αἱρετὸν τῶν <καὶ> καθ᾽ αὑτὰ καὶ δι᾽ αὐτὸ αἱρετῶν, καὶ ἁπλῶς δὴ τέλειον τὸ καθ᾽ αὑτὸ αἱρετὸν ἀεὶ καὶ μηδέποτε δι᾽ ἄλλο. τοιοῦτον δ᾽ ἡ εὐδαιμονία μάλιστ᾽ εἶναι δοκεῖ·
So then Happiness is manifestly something final and self-sufficient, being the end of all things which are and may be done.1
1097b Ταύτην γὰρ αἱρούμεθα ἀεὶ δι᾽ αὐτὴν καὶ οὐδέποτε δι᾽ ἄλλο, τιμὴν δὲ καὶ ἡδονὴν καὶ νοῦν καὶ πᾶσαν ἀρετὴν αἱρούμεθα μὲν καὶ δι᾽ αὐτά (μηθενὸς γὰρ ἀποβαίνοντος ἑλοίμεθ᾽ ἂν ἕκαστον αὐτῶν), αἱρούμεθα δὲ καὶ τῆς εὐδαιμονίας χάριν, διὰ τούτων ὑπολαμβάνοντες εὐδαιμονήσειν. τὴν δ᾽ εὐδαιμονίαν οὐδεὶς αἱρεῖται τούτων χάριν, οὐδ᾽ ὅλως δι᾽ ἄλλο. φαίνεται δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῆς αὐταρκείας τὸ αὐτὸ συμβαίνειν· τὸ γὰρ τέλειον ἀγαθὸν αὔταρκες εἶναι δοκεῖ. τὸ δ᾽ αὔταρκες λέγομεν οὐκ αὐτῷ μόνῳ, τῷ ζῶντι βίον μονώτην, ἀλλὰ καὶ γονεῦσι καὶ τέκνοις καὶ γυναικὶ καὶ ὅλως τοῖς φίλοις καὶ πολίταις, ἐπειδὴ φύσει πολιτικὸν ὁ ἄνθρωπος. τούτων δὲ ληπτέος ὅρος τις· ἐπεκτείνοντι γὰρ ἐπὶ τοὺς γονεῖς καὶ τοὺς ἀπογόνους καὶ τῶν φίλων τοὺς φίλους εἰς ἄπειρον πρόεισιν. ἀλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν εἰσαῦθις ἐπισκεπτέον· τὸ δ᾽ αὔταρκες τίθεμεν ὃ μονούμενον αἱρετὸν ποιεῖ τὸν βίον καὶ μηδενὸς ἐνδεᾶ· τοιοῦτον δὲ τὴν εὐδαιμονίαν οἰόμεθα εἶναι· ἔτι δὲ πάντων αἱρετωτάτην μὴ συναριθμουμένην—συναριθμουμένην δὲ δῆλον ὡς αἱρετωτέραν μετὰ τοῦ ἐλαχίστου τῶν ἀγαθῶν· ὑπεροχὴ γὰρ ἀγαθῶν γίνεται τὸ προστιθέμενον, ἀγαθῶν δὲ τὸ μεῖζον αἱρετώτερον ἀεί. τέλειον δή τι φαίνεται καὶ αὔταρκες ἡ εὐδαιμονία, τῶν πρακτῶν οὖσα τέλος.
Ἀλλ᾽ ἴσως τὴν μὲν εὐδαιμονίαν τὸ ἄριστον λέγειν ὁμολογούμενόν τι φαίνεται, ποθεῖται δ᾽ ἐναργέστερον τί ἐστιν ἔτι λεχθῆναι. τάχα δὴ γένοιτ᾽ ἂν τοῦτ᾽, εἰ ληφθείη τὸ ἔργον τοῦ ἀνθρώπου. ὥσπερ γὰρ αὐλητῇ καὶ ἀγαλματοποιῷ καὶ παντὶ τεχνίτῃ, καὶ ὅλως ὧν ἔστιν ἔργον τι καὶ πρᾶξις, ἐν τῷ ἔργῳ δοκεῖ τἀγαθὸν εἶναι καὶ τὸ εὖ, οὕτω δόξειεν ἂν καὶ ἀνθρώπῳ, εἴπερ ἔστι τι ἔργον αὐτοῦ. πότερον οὖν τέκτονος μὲν καὶ σκυτέως ἔστιν ἔργα τινὰ καὶ πράξεις, ἀνθρώπου δ᾽ οὐδέν ἐστιν, ἀλλ᾽ ἀργὸν πέφυκεν; ἢ καθάπερ ὀφθαλμοῦ καὶ χειρὸς καὶ ποδὸς καὶ ὅλως ἑκάστου τῶν μορίων φαίνεταί τι ἔργον, οὕτω καὶ ἀνθρώπου παρὰ πάντα ταῦτα θείη τις ἂν ἔργον τι; τί οὖν δὴ τοῦτ᾽ ἂν εἴη ποτέ; τὸ μὲν γὰρ ζῆν κοινὸν εἶναι φαίνεται καὶ τοῖς φυτοῖς, ζητεῖται δὲ τὸ ἴδιον. […]
Ἔτι δ᾽ ἐν βίῳ τελείῳ. μία γὰρ χελιδὼν ἔαρ οὐ ποιεῖ, οὐδὲ μία ἡμέρα· οὕτω δὲ οὐδὲ μακάριον καὶ εὐδαίμονα μία ἡμέρα οὐδ᾽ ὀλίγος χρόνος.
How the shared form came about
The circulating English is a modern expansion of the final-end argument in Nicomachean Ethics I.7, not an exact rendering of a sentence about the “meaning” of human existence. The actual conclusion is copied here in Greek and D. P. Chase’s public-domain English translation. The wording was directly checked in an Observer column whose URL dates it to November 2016; a 2019 Sententiae Antiquae article also reproduces and disputes it. Neither establishes its first author or first publication, which remain unconfirmed here.
How it travelled
- 2016Spread · credited to AristotleAn Observer column quotes the expanded sentence as Aristotle’s while arguing against happiness as a life goal; this is evidence of circulation, not its first publication.
Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence.
The Purpose of Life Is Not Happiness, It’s Usefulness, Observer (November 2016). Checked in a full-text transcription. Source
In context
In Book I Aristotle compares ends chosen for the sake of something else with the final end chosen for itself. He calls happiness final and self-sufficient, then immediately says that simply naming it the highest good does not yet explain what it is. The following argument asks what distinctively human activity consists in.
What it says
Happiness, understood as living well or flourishing rather than a passing pleasant feeling, is the end for which other goods are chosen. The popular slogan adds the modern idiom of a meaning or purpose of human existence.
Often misread
Not a warrant to make pleasant feelings the supreme goal. Aristotle distinguishes flourishing from a life of pleasure, includes family, friends and fellow citizens in his account of self-sufficiency, and treats the bare assertion that happiness is best as needing further explanation.
Topics
Related quotes
- Happiness is a kind of working of the soul in the way of perfect Excellence
- Natural justice is a symbol or expression of expediency, to prevent one man from harming or being harmed by another. Epicurus
- Pleasure in the job puts perfection in the work. (paraphrase)
- Virtue is a mean state; but in reference to the chief good and to excellence it is the highest state possible.
- A friend is another self.
Sources
Cite it
“Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence.” Attributed to Aristotle. Not in these words. The idea is in Nicomachean Ethics (330 BC), Book I, chapter 7 (Chase: Book I, chapters IV–V). Quotogeny, https://quotogeny.com/q/happiness-is-the-meaning-and-purpose-of-life/ (checked 30 October 2026).
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Checked by people
People who checked this entry against its source, under their own names. Their checks do not change the verdict: an editor reviews every entry.
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